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History of Coffee in Salvador
Coffee arrived to the country between 1800 and 1815. It began to be cultivated in the high plateaus of the Salvadorean mountain systems, in the shadow of natural forest trees. The main boom in the agro-industry of coffee was produced 70 years after this time. Coffee replaced the indigo as the main export product of El Salvador. By 1940, coffee represents 90% of the total exportations of the Country.
Between 1950 and 1970, Salvadoran coffee farming was the protagonist of a technological modernization, new strain varieties, like the bourbon variety .
El Salvador suffered a civil war between the years 1981 through 1992. This armed conflict affected the progress of the economy and production of the country. Once peace was signed in 1992, an important process of reconstruction has begun. In this period, the coffee industry has suffered a crysis due to the high costs of production. The Salvadoran Government, the private producers and some international organizations and NGOs are still fighting to make Coffee the main product of El Salvador, as it used to be in early 1900s.
Salvadoran Art
El Salvador has gone through several historical periods and several cultural transformations over time. The territory's earliest artistic expression is a cave in eastern El Salvador, where bands of hunter-gatherers painted several designs of animals and people around 10,000 BC. This type of expression is called rock art. The land's first settled societies who learned to grow corn, beans, squash, and other plants became more numerous and soon the production of utensils became a necessity for eating, cooking, or storing food. During this period, we can say that artistic expressions were almost exclusively used to decorate temples, sculpt and paint religious figures or gods. With the migrations of large cultural groups like the Olmecs, Mayans and Mexicas, art is still very close to religion but it is also used to express or preserve moments of daily life, but also to maintain political power. Mayan rulers ordered the construction of larger statues and monuments, to impress locals and foreigners. Scribes and artisans acquired a higher status in the structure of social division. With the arrival of Europeans in the 15th century, European cultural norms were violently imposed on local culture. Local art was relegated to secrecy to avoid being destroyed by Catholic priests. Many ancient expressions have been lost forever and many others have been transformed into a European version. These events led to discrimination by Salvadoran society towards local indigenous artistic expressions, as they were considered ancient, pagan, ugly, etc. Over the past century, interest in indigenous colors returned and a search for Salvadoran identity by Salvadorans paved the way for artists like Fernando Llort, who unknowingly created the current Salvadoran artistic style, La Palma style.
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